704

View Articles

Name


	이상도

Homepage

http://englishcode.com

Subject

숙어정복(3)-2형식 적용

3.  이어동사를 2형식으로 분석하는 방법

가. 5형식의 피동문

이번에는 1강에서 본 5형식 예문의 피동문을  보겠습니다.

(1) 먼저 형용사가 보어(유사보어 포함)로 사용된 2형식(SVC) 예문을 보겠습니다.

He / pushed / the door / open.  SVOC
-> The door / was pushed /open. S'V'C
-> The door / was open. S'C

He / left // him / alone.          SVOC
-> He / was left / alone.         S'V'C
-> He / was alone.                 S'C

(2) 다음은 소사가 보어(유사보어 포함)로 사용된 2형식 예문을 보겠습니다.

He / took // his jacket / off.  SVOC
-> His jacket / was taken / off.   S'V'C
-> His jacket / was off.           S'C
He / put // his jacket / on.     SVOC
-> His jacket / was put / on.    S'V'C
-> His jacket / was on.           S'C
He / turned // the radio/ off(or on).  SVOC
-> The radio / was turned / off(or on).S'V'C
-> The radio / was off(or on).         S'C

She / led // him / away.     SVOC
-> He / was led / away.      S'V'C
-> He / was away.            S'C
She / brought // him / in.     SVOC
-> He / was brought / in.      S'V'C
-> He / was in.                S'C
She / took // him / out.       SVOC
-> He / was taken / out.       S'V'C
-> He / was out.               S'C
She / wanted // him / back.      SVOC
-> He / was wanted / back.       S'V'C
-> He / was back.                S'C
She / helped // him / up.       SVOC
-> He / was helped / up.        S'V'C
-> He / was up.                 S'C
She / gathered // them / together.       SVOC
-> They / were gathered / together.      S'V'C
-> They / were together.                 S'C

(3) 위에서 보듯이 2형식에서 형용사 open이나 alone이 주격보어가 되듯이 away, back, in, off, on, out , together, up 등도 주격보어와 같은 역할을 하고 있음을 알 수 있습니다.

나. 문형번호의 정리

종래 5형식에 의하면 5형식의 피동문은 2형식이 되고, 4형식의 피동문은 3형이 되도록 되어 있습니다. 이러한 문형번호 매김은 불편합니다.
그러므로 저는 5형식의 피동문은 3형식, 4형식의 피동문은 2형식으로 바꾸고 싶습니다. 즉 홀수형과 짝수형으로 구분하는 것입니다. 다만, 혼란을 피하기 위해 바꾼 번호는 5형->3형, 4형->2형으로 구별합니다.

다. 자동사로 된 2형식

(1) 먼저 형용사가 보어(유사보어 포함)로 사용된 2형식(SVC) 예문을 보겠습니다.

The door / slid /open.   SVC
-> The door / slid.       SV
-> The door / slid.       SC
He / lived / alone.     SVC
-> He / lived.           SV
-> He / was alone.       SC

(2) 다음은 소사가 보어(유사보어 포함)로 사용된 2형식(SVC) 예문을 보겠습니다.

His jacket / came / off.   SVC
-> His jacket / came...    SV... (불완전자동사)
-> His jacket / was off.   SC
His jacket / slid / on.    SVC
-> His jacket / slid.      SV
-> His jacket / was on.    SC
Lights / went / off.      SVC
-> Lights / went...        SV... (불완전자동사)
-> Lights / was off.       SC
Lights / came / on.       SVC
-> Lights / came...       SV... (불완전자동사)
-> Lights / was on.       SC

He / went / away.         SVC
-> He / went.             SV
-> He / was away.         SC
He / came / in.           SVC
-> He / was in.           SC
He / went / out.         SVC
-> He / went.             SV
-> He / was out.          SC
She / came / back.        SVC
-> He / came.             SV
-> He / was back.         SC
He / stood / up.          SVC
-> He / stood.            SV
-> He / was up.           SC
They / stayed / together. SVC
-> They / stayed.         SV
-> They / were together.  SC

(3) 위에서 형용사 open이나 alone이 주격보어가 되듯이 away, back, in, off, on, out , together, up 등도 주격보어와 같은 역할을 하고 있음을 알 수 있습니다.
slid open이나 live alone이 이어동사가 아닌 것처럼 came off, slid on, go off, go away, come in, go out, stand up,  stay together, come back 등도 이어동사가 아닙니다.